Shock

What are the symptoms of shock due to injury?

There may or may not be loss of consciousness.
The skin become dull gray in color and is cold and clammy to the touch.
The patient’s body is covered with a fine perspiration.
The pulse is weak and rapid.
The pupils of the eyes are dilated.
Respirations are rapid and shallow.
The patient is apprehensive and complains of weakness and excessive thirst.

What is the first–aid treatment for shock?

Place the patient on his back with his feet higher than his head.
If there is any active bleeding contributing towards the shock, it should be stopped.
The patient should be kept warm. Supply him with adequate belts or other covering.
If there is severe pain that can be relieved by the first–aider, it should be done immediately.
Pain is one of the strongest contributors toward the development of shock. If a fracture is present, it should be splinted.
If it can be determined that there is no injury or wound to the abdomen, the patient may be given warm fluids to drink.
The patient should be transported to the hospital as soon as possible.

Should tea or coffee be given to people who are in shock?
No. In the time it takes to obtain tea or coffee, the patient should really have had provisions made for transportation to a hospital where specific treatment can be instituted.

Should alcohol be given as a stimulant to patients who are in shock?
No. This will only serve ultimately to increase the state of shock.

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