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Senior’s Health
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Hormone Replacement Therapy

Hormone replacement therapy is currently prescribed to millions of women. This includes the indications, contraindications, risks and benefits of estrogen replacement therapy.

Indications
  • Postmenopausal women for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
  • To improve cardiovascular health by lowering the risk of myocardial infarctions (heart attacks) and strokes.
  • Estrogen replacement therapy can improve the elasticity, moisture and thickness of vaginal, perennial tissues, thus decreasing symptoms of vaginal dryness, dyspareunia (pain during sexual intercourse) and urinary urgency.
Contraindications
  • Vaginal bleeding.
  • Deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. (a clot in a blood vessel)
  • Breast and uterine cancer.
In general, the ideal way to prescribe HRT is to recommend the lowest dose of estrogen that effectively retards bone loss, improves cardiovascular risk factors, and reduces vasomotor symptoms. The ideal dose of progestin is also used which is enough to protect the endometrium from endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, but is low enough to limit the negative effects of progestins on serum lipids.

Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy
  • Nausea within the first two months of therapy. This side–effect may be diminished by taking the medication with food, and at bedtime.
  • Breast tenderness due to the estrogen component. Lowering the dose may be helpful.
  • Migraine headaches.
  • Mood swings.
  • Abdominal bloating is another common side–effect related to progestins.


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