Introduction
A procedure that enables the urologist to view the inside of the bladder using a specialized endoscope called a cystoscope.

Procedure

• The urethra is cleaned and a local anesthetic is applied.
• The scope is then inserted through the urethra into the bladder.
• The flexible cystoscope may be easier to insert than the standard rigid model. It does not require the lithotomy position for insertion.
• The choice of which scope to use depends on the purpose of the exam.
• Water is inserted through the cystoscope and fills the bladder (you are asked to describe the feeling to your health care provider).
• As the water fills the bladder, it stretches the bladder wall, enabling the physician to view the entire bladder wall.
• You will feel the sensation to urinate when the bladder is full, however, it needs to remain full until the examination is complete.
• If any tissue appears abnormal, a small specimen can be taken (biopsy) through the cystoscope to be analyzed.
• The average cystoscopy takes about 15 to 20 minutes.
• There may be slight discomfort as the cystoscope is passed through the urethra into the bladder.
• You will feel uncomfortable (a strong need to urinate) when the fluid has filled the bladder.
• You may feel a pinch if a biopsy is taken. After the cystoscope is removed, the urethra may be sore and you will feel a burning sensation during urination for a day or two.

Indications of Cystoscopy

• Diagnose and evaluate urinary tract disorders.
• Check for cancer of the bladder or urethra.
• Diagnose an enlarged prostate (link in cancer) (men).
• Help determine the cause of pain during urination.
• Diagnose recurrent bladder infections.

Complications with Cystoscopy

• Excessive bleeding from taking a biopsy.
• Rupturing a bladder wall (with the cystoscope or during biopsy).