aarogya.com
  • Home
  • Complementary Medicine
    • Ayurveda
    • Homeopathy
    • Naturopathy
    • Acupressure
    • Acupuncture
    • Aromatherapy
    • Batch Flower Remedies
    • Home Remedies
    • Massage
    • Yoga
    • Meditation
    • Reiki
    • Bodywork
    • Medical Palmistry
  • Conditions & Diseases
    • Acute Diarrheal Disease
    • Appendicitis
    • Blindness
    • Brucellosis
    • Chicken Pox
    • Conjunctivitis
    • Dysentery
    • Hookworm
    • Japanese Encephalitis
    • Lymphatic Filariasis
    • Plague
    • Rubella
    • Typhoid Fever
    • Yellow Fever
    • Allergy
    • Arthritis
    • Blood Pressure
    • Computer Health Hazards
    • Chikungunya Fever
    • Dengue
    • Guinea Worm
    • Influenza
    • Leprosy
    • Malaria
    • Poliomyelitis
    • Tetanus
    • Whooping Cough
    • Viral Hepatitis
    • Amebiasis
    • Asthma
    • Bronchitis
    • Diagnostic Tests
    • Cholera
    • Diphtheria
    • Hepatitis
    • Irritable Bowel Syndrome
    • Leptospirosis
    • Measles
    • Rabies
    • Tuberculosis
    • Yaws
  • Family Health
    • Children's Health
    • Diet & Nutrition
    • First Aid
    • Fitness
    • Humor & Trivia
    • Men's Health
    • Preventive Health
    • Senior's Health
    • Senior Citizen Corner
    • Teen’s Health
    • Vets and Pets
    • Women’s Health
  • Health Resources
    • Blood Donation
    • Career Opportunities
    • Daily Health Tips
    • Health Programs
    • Featured Hospitals
    • Medical Education
    • Health Professional's Negligence
    • Medical Tourism
    • Video Eye
    • Rural Health
    • Patients' Rights Forum
  • Insurance
    • Euthanasia
    • Health Insurance
    • Health Insurance Policies
    • Insurance Companies
    • Medical Ethics
    • Medical Jurisprudence
    • Research
    • Telemedicine
    • Compare Health Insurance
  • Sex & Sexuality
    • What is Sex & Sexuality?
    • FAQs
    • Marriage & Pregnancy
    • Sex Education
  • Support Groups
    • Addiction
    • Aids
    • Cancer
    • Epilepsy
    • Swine Flu
    • Blood Search
    • Vivah
    • Health Directory
    • Alzheimer's Disease
    • Medical Support Groups
    • Cardiology
    • Depression
    • Depression Screening Test
    • Diabetes
    • Disability
    • Kidney
    • Obesity
    • Pregnancy
    • Schizophrenia
    • Vitiligo
Aarogya.com
Marathi | Gujarati | Register | Login
  • Home
  • Specialties
  • Urology
  • Urethral/Penile Cancer

Urethral/Penile Cancer

  • Print
Details
Hits: 6999
Primary cancer of the urethra and penis is rare. Cancer of the male urethra is extremely uncommon, there are only about 700 cases reported worldwide. Carcinoma of the urethra in women is also unusual, when it does occur, it is usually in post–menopausal and older women. In both males and females the causal factors in this disease are not known, inflammation, however, is felt plays a role. Penile cancer represents 2 per cent of urogenital cancers. It is felt that bacterial production of smegma in uncircumcised men is a risk factor.

Diagnosis of Urethral/Penile Cancer
In male urethral cancer, diagnosis is established by transurethral biopsy. In women, the diagnosis is established in much the same way. Pathologically, most tumors are squamous cell carcinomas, although transitional cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and melanomas may also be seen. In penile cancer, incisional or excisional biopsy is performed to obtain the diagnosis. Histologically, squamous cell is the predominant cell type, although melanomas, basal cell carcinomas, lymphomas and metastatic lesions from other primaries have been seen.

Staging
In men, CT scan and/or MRI of the abdomen and pelvis and bimanual examination under anesthesia are performed. In women, the above are done along with a careful pelvic examination under anesthesia. Barium enema and bone scan may also be performed in those patients with worrisome signs or symptoms. For penile cancers, CT or MRI of the abdomen and pelvis are indicated for staging. Currently, there is no agreed upon classification system for female urethral cancer. In men, the Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) staging is used.

Treatment of Urethral/Penile Cancer
The treatment of male urethral cancer is surgery. The extent of the surgery depends upon the location and stage of the tumor. Radiation is usually reserved for those patients with early stage lesions of the anterior urethra who refuse surgery. Chemotherapy has shown promise in those with metastatic urethral cancer and is being integrated into therapy for those with locally advanced disease. In females, urethral cancer surgery is the primary modality of therapy. However, radiation therapy plays a larger role in treatment of this disease than in male cancer. Unfortunately, neither of these modalities alone produces an acceptable morbidity rate and low tumor recurrence rate. Due to the inadequacy of these procedures, chemotherapy in conjunction with radiation and/or surgery (a combined modality approach) is being investigated. Long term results of studies are being awaited.

For either male or female urethral cancer, if the patient is willing, and an investigative study is available, participation should be encouraged. In penile cancer, surgery is used for control of the primary tumor and also to control the inguinal lymph node bearing regions. Radiation therapy to the penis may work best in patients with low stage disease. In these patients, if prophylactic or therapeutic lymph node dissection cannot be performed, external beam radiation to the inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes should be considered.
Chemotherapy used in penile cancer is dependent upon the histology of the lesion. For those lesions which appear as transitional cell cancers, bladder cancer chemotherapy agents should be considered. For squamous cell cancer of the penis, there is some suggestion that cytotoxic therapy is beneficial. In those patients with locally advanced disease, combined modality therapy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be considered.

0

Urology

  • FAQs on Urology
  • Treatment for Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)
  • Urinary Stone Disorders
  • Erectile Dysfunctions
  • Urinary Incontinence
  • Urinary Tract Infections
  • Kidney Stones
  • Urethral/Penile Cancer
  • Kidney Cancer
  • Bladder Cancer
  • Prostate Cancer
  • Urologic Cancers
  • Treatment Options for Urology
Introducing Digital Practice for Doctors & Healthcare professionals
Swine Flu
National Award for Outstanding achievement by a Non-Professional - Tushar Sampat
Health Professional's Negligence
Health Professional's Negligence
Records of published articles in the newspapers helps common people about precautions to be taken while seeking the services from health professionals and also helps health professionals to rectify the negligence.
read more…
Specialties
Common Symptoms


Aarogya Network

aarogya.com aims to be India’s leading comprehensive health information portal. The site has sections, which cover almost all the medical specialties and give useful information on various diseases. To enhance its reach, the content is available in Indian languages too. We were the first health website to introduce online support groups. Addiction support and Epilepsy support are examples of some very active and vibrant communities.

» Click here to see all our support groups

Subscribe to Our Newsletter

 Get health related new information.

Pune Aarogya
Digital Media Dedicated to Healthcare of Punekars

Health Tools

  • Health Directory
  • Message Board
  • Health Calculators
  • Depression Screening Test

About Aarogya.com

aarogya.com aims to be India’s leading comprehensive health information portal. The site has sections, which cover almost all the medical specialties

Read more...

Suggestions

This is YOUR site, so if you have suggestions or feedback on how we can improve it for you, please let us know! We do our best to keep up!

Read more...

User Comments

“My name is Paulette Conners and I just had to send you an email thanking you since one of the pages on your site was very helpful!”

  • About Us
  • Company Profile
  • Contact Us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Feedback
  • Disclaimer
  • Sitemap
  • Invite Your Friends

© 2017 www.aarogya.com. All Rights Reserved.